23考研外刊阅读《新科学家》双语精读版训练

23考研外刊阅读《新科学家》双语精读版训练

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全文字数：1357字

阅读时间：12分钟

上期翻译答案

About 830,000 Tesla cars in the United Statesare equipped withAutopilot or the company’s other driver-assistance technologies — offering one explanation why Tesla vehicles accounted for nearly 70 percent of the reported crashes in the data released Wednesday.

在美国，大约有83万辆特斯拉汽车配备了“自动辅助驾驶”或该公司的其他驾驶辅助技术——这解释了为什么特斯拉汽车在周三公布的数据中占报告事故的近70%。

《本期内容》

双语阅读

Road traffic noise outside schools may impair the development of a child’s attention span and short-term memory.­ Previous studies have shown that noise pollution from road traffic can disrupt sleep and increase stress in adults. Meanwhile, local aircraft noise has been shown to reduce academic performance and reading comprehension in children. However, it wasn’t known whether road traffic noise outside schools impacts cognitive development in children.

学校外道路交通噪音可能会损害儿童保持长时间专注和短期记忆的发展。此前的研究表明，道路交通的噪音污染会扰乱成年人的睡眠，并增加压力。与此同时，已有证据表明，地区内的航空噪音会降低儿童的学业表现水平，并降低阅读理解能力。然而，目前尚不清楚学校外的道路交通噪音是否会影响儿童的认知发展。

To learn more, Maria Foraster at the Barcelona Institute for Global Health and her colleagues recruited 2680 children aged 7 to 10 from 38 schools throughout Barcelona. The researchers stood in a certain point of each school and measured the noise coming in from the outside before lessons began. This was repeated six months later to calculate an average baselinelevelof noise pollution at each site.

为了增进了解，巴塞罗那全球卫生研究所的玛丽亚·福斯特和她的同事从巴塞罗那各地的38所学校招募了2680名7至10岁的儿童。研究人员在每所学校特定的地点，测量了上课前来自外界的噪音。六个月后，研究人员再次计算每个点位噪音污染的平均基准水平。

Using online cognitive tests, the team tested the children’s short-term memory and attentiveness every three months for a year. The children in schools with higher average indoor noise levels – defined as above 30 decibels, about thevolumeof whispering – saw a slower improvement in attentiveness, measured by comparing their performance on tests at the start of the year with those at the end of the year.

研究小组利用在线认知测试，在一年的时间里每季度测试一次孩子们的短期记忆能力和注意力。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~

Further analysis revealed that a greater level offluctuationin indoor noise levels was more strongly associated with a slower improvement of both working memory and attentiveness, compared with more consistent noise levels.

进一步的分析表明，与更稳定的噪音水平相比，室内噪音水平波动越大，短时记忆能力和注意力的提升水平就越慢。

“This study has broken new ground in studies of environmental noise and children’s learning,” says Stephen Stansfeld at Queen Mary University of London, who wasn’t involved in the research. Children may be more likely to notice fluctuating noise levels, he says. “Attention to noise mayinterfere withtheir attention to other tasks related to normal cognitive development.”

未曾参与此项研究的伦敦玛丽女王大学的斯蒂芬·斯坦斯菲尔德表示：“这项研究开辟了环境噪音和儿童学习方面的新领域。”他说，孩子们可能更容易注意到噪音情况的变化。“关注于噪音可能会干扰他们对与正常认知发展相关的其他任务的注意力。”

本文节选自：New Scientist （新科学家）

发布时间：2022.06.02

作者：Carissa Wong

原文标题：Traffic noise at schools may hinder a child’s memory and attentiveness

词汇积累

1.level

音标/ˈlɛvəl/

n. 数量，程度; 标准，水平; 级别; 看待(或应对、理解)事物的方式; 水平高度

adj. 平坦的，水平的; 相同价值的，相同地位的; 比分相同的; 平静的

v. 使平整; 推倒，夷平; (使)比分相同; (尤指用枪)瞄准; 针对……(进行批评等); 稳定下来

2. volume

/ˈvɒljuːm/

n. 体积，容积; 总数，总量; 音量，响度; (控制音量的)旋钮，控制杆; (期刊)合订本; 书籍

adj. 大量的

v. 以卷的形式发出; 成团卷起

3. fluctuation

/ˌflʌktʃʊˈeʃən/

n. 波动，起伏

词组搭配

1.interfere with 干扰，干涉；妨碍；与……抵触

写作句总结

原句：Further analysis revealed that a greater level of fluctuation in indoor noise levels was more strongly associated with a slower improvement of both working memory and attentiveness, compared with more consistent noise levels.

结构：XX revealed that a greater level of XX was more strongly associated with XX， compared with more XX.

例句：More researches revealed that a greater level of endeavor was more strongly associated with success，compared with less perseverance.

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23考研外刊阅读《新科学家》双语精读版训练