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摘要：考研初试临近，英语的备考还是要以单词、阅读、作文作为突破重点，编编整理了近十年考研英语中高频的200个短语，希望对你有所帮助。
►经济贸易类
1.改革产业结构 reform the structure of industries
2. 亏损企业 loss-making enterprises
3. 搞活企业 enliven enterprises
4. 加快现代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive
5. 跨国公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation
6. 解放生产力 emancipate/ liberate productivity
7.振兴国家经济 invigorate our state economy
8.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round
9.提高经济效益 improve economic results
10.宏观经济调控 macro-economic control and management
11. 经济实力 economic strength
12. 经营机制 operative mechanism
13. 整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
14. 引进竞争机制 introduce a competitive mechanism
15. 建立技术密集型企业 set up technologically-intensive enterprises
16. 招商引资 canvass business and introduce investment
17. 房地产 real estate
18. 经济特区 special economic zone
19. 基础设施 infrastructure facilities
20. 豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects
21. 投资热点 investment hot spot
22. 外向型经济 export-oriented economy
23. 按劳分配 distribute according to the work performance
24. 打破平均主义 break / abandon equalitarian
25. 沿海开放城市 open coastal cities
26. 国民生产总值 Gross National Product
27. 扶贫项目 anti-poverty project
28. 协调发展 coordinate the development
29. 住房改革 housing reform
30. 社会保障体系 social security system
31. 数字时代 digital times
32. 信息高速公路 the information superhighway
33. 虚拟社区 virtual communities
34. 市场萧条 slack market
35. 假冒伪劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities
36. 谋取暴力 reap colossal profits
37. 投诉 lodge complaint
38. 贸易争端 trade disputes
39. 乱收费 random charges
40. 市场疲软 sluggish market
41. 实行优惠政策 launch a preferential policy
42. 繁荣市场 flourish the market
43. 加入世贸组织 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO
44. 消费者协会 consumer’s association
45. 消费者购买力 consumer purchasing power
46. 新兴市场 emerging market
47. 抑制消费 control / inhibit consumption
48. 无形资产 intangible assets
49. 有形资产 tangible assets
50. 市场占有率 market share
51. 严重违约 grave breach of contract
52. 泡沫经济 bubble economy
53. 品牌效应 brand effect
54. 企业重组 reshuffle of enterprises
55. 贸易壁垒 trade barrier
56. 人才流失 brain drain
57. 商业炒作 commercial speculation
58. 扩大内需，刺激消费 expand domestic demand and consumption
59. 拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth
60. 连锁反应 chain reaction / domino effect
61. 竞争优势 competitive edge
62. 经济结构调整 economic restructuring
63. 经济增长点 economic growth point ; growth engine
64. 经济过热 overheated economy
65. 分期付款 installment payment
66. 从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
67. 不良贷款 non-performing loan
68. 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
69. 脱贫致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity
70. 资源优化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources
►政治类
71. 不正之风 bad / harmful practice
72. 霸权主义 hegemonism
73. 奔小康 strive for a better-off life
74. 持续发展 sustainable development
75. 社会主义物质文明 socialist material wellbeing
76. 社会主义精神文明 socialist culture and ideology
77. 实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
78. 发展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth
79. 坚持四项基本原则 uphold the four cardinal principles
80. 多极化 multi-polarization
81. 科学技术是第一生产力 Science and technology are the primary productive force.
82. 机构臃肿 overstaffing in organization
83. 机构改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining
84. 反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government
85. 核心竞争力 core competitiveness
86. 减员增效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency
87. 减轻农民负担 reduce farmer’s burdens; lighten the burden on them
88. 跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development
89. 民主集中制 democratic centralism
90. 讲诚信﹑反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating
91. 强权外交 power diplomacy
92. 求同存异 seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones
93. 综合国力 comprehensive national strength
94. 滥用权力 abuse one’s power; misuse one’s authority
95. 廉政建设 build a clean and honest government
96 思想僵硬 fossilized concept
97 拜金主义 money worship
98. 知识产权 intellectual property right
99. 走后门 get in by the back door / enter by the back door
100. 贪脏枉法 take bribes and bend the law
101. 以权谋私 abusing power for money
102. “一国两制”的原则 the principle of “one country, two systems:”
103. 全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congress
104. 与国际接轨 synchronize with the world; accord with international norms
105. 最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living
106. 养老保险 endowment insurance
107. 以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction
108. 实事求是 seek truth from facts
109. 试点工程 pilot project
110. 战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership
►教育与科学技术类
111. 素质教育 quality-oriented education
112. 启发式教学 heuristic education
113. 复合型人才 interdisciplinary talent
114. 九年制义务教务教育 nine-year compulsory education
115. 德智体美劳全面发展
all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics and labor education
116. 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
117. 人才流失 brain drain
118. 陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste and temperament
119. 学生减负 alleviate the burden on students
120. 学术交流 academic exchanges
121. 德才兼备 have both political integrity and ability
122. 攻读硕士学位 study for a doctoral degree
123. 文科生 students of liberal arts
124. 理科生 students of science
125. 爱国主义教育 education in patriotism
126. 毕业论文 graduation thesis
127. 义务教育 compulsory education
128. 高等教育 higher education
129. 教育部 Ministry of Education
130. 世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观 word outlook, outlook on life and values
131. 科教兴国 rely on science, technology and education to rejuvenate the nation
132. 可持续发展战略 strategy of sustainable development
133. 技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product
134. 新兴学科 new branch of science
135. 边缘学科 frontier science
136. 电脑病毒 computer viruses
137. 电子商务 e-commerce; e-business
138. 数字地球 digital globe
139. 人工智能 artificial intelligence
140. 网上犯罪 cyber crime
141. 信息高速公路 information highland
142. 网民 netizen
143. 虚拟现实 virtual reality
144. 基因工程 genetic engineering
145. “神舟六号”载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou VI
146. 网络经济 cyber-economy
147. 网虫 netter; Internet geek
148. 网恋 cyber romance; virtual romance
149. 科技扶贫 support poor areas using technology
150. 科研攻关 work towards key technological breakthroughs
►文化社会生活类
151. 彩票 lottery ticket
152. 保健食品 health-care food
153. 暴发户 new rich; upstart
154. 下岗工人 laid-off workers
155. 人口老龄化 aging/ graying population
156. 人口高峰 baby boom
157. 人口负增长 negative population growth
158. 再就业工程 re-employment project
159. 自由职业者 free lancer
160. 性别歧视 sexual discrimination
161. 性价比 cost performance
162. 水货 smuggled goods
163. 文化渗透 cultural infiltration
164. 跳槽 job-hopping
165. 公益广告 public-interest advertisement
166. 出国热 craze for going abroad
167. 社会福利制度 the social welfare system
168. 享受公费医疗 enjoy public health care
169. 世界卫生组织 World Health Organization (WHO)
170. 吸毒者 a drug addict
171.传销 pyramid-selling; multi-level marketing
172. 流动人口 moving population
173. 黄昏恋 twilight love
174. 贺岁片 New Year film
175. 记者招待会 press/ news conference
►环境法律医疗类等
176. 温室效应 green-house effect
177. 沙漠化 desertification
178. 过度放牧 overgrazing
179. 过度捕鱼 over-fishing
180. 滥砍乱伐 clear-cutting
181. 退耕还林 return cultivated land to forest
182. 沙尘暴 sand storm
183. 生态危机 ecological forest
184. 破坏生态平衡 destroy / upset the ecological balance
185. 自然保护区 nature reserve
186. 环境绿化 environmental greening
187. 禽流感 bird flu
188. 疯牛病 mad cow disease/ BSE
189. 口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease
190. 非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
191. 偷税﹑骗税 tax evasion and tax fraud
192. 扫黄打非 eliminate pornography and illegal publications
193. 严打斗争 strike-hard campaign
194. 公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序
a new and rational new international political and economic order
195. 外交纷争 diplomatic disputes
196. 维护世界和平 safeguard world peace
197. 国际惯例 international common practice
198. 民族分裂主义 ethnic separatism
199. 宗教极端主义 religious extremism
200. 世界的基本格局 basic world pattern
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