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在职攻读硕士学位全国联考

英语考试大纲

（第二版）

英语考试大纲

一、考试性质

在职攻读硕士学位入学考试全国英语联考是国务院学位办组织的国家级选拔性考试，其目的是为了客观、科学、公正、规范地测试老先生的英语语言知识和使用语言的相关能力。

二、考试范围及要求

在职攻读硕士学位入学考试全国英语联考要求考生能够较熟练地掌握英语的基本语法和常用词汇，具有较强的阅读能力和一定的听、写、译的语言运用能力。与全国统招硕士研究生入学英语考试相比，在职硕士研究生入学英语考试充分考虑了该类考生的实际情况以及工作需要等方面的特点。

在职攻读硕士学位入学考试全国英语联考的考查范围包括考生的英语口语交际能力、词汇和基本语法的运用能力、完形填空和阅读理解能力、英译汉和写作能力。考生在上述方面应分别达到以下具体要求：

（一）口语交际

能用英语进行日常会话。对于生活、学习和工作中的常见英语会话，能理解会话的情景、说话人的意图和对话的含义，并能恰当地进行口语交流。能正确理解英语口语中常见的习惯用法。

（二）词汇

考生应掌握本考试大纲词汇表中所规定的英语词汇量和需要达到的应用程度，即：

1、领会式掌握4500个英语单词和500个常用词组；

2、复用式掌握其中1800个左右的常用单词和200个常用词组；

3、掌握一定数量的常用词缀，并能根据构词法和语境识别常见的派生词。

（三）语法

掌握基本的英语语法知识，能在阅读、写作等过程中正确运用这些知识，以达到获取有关信息和表达交流思想的目的。具体需要掌握的内容如下：

1、名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法；

2、动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法；

3、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法；

4、常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法；

5、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的构成及其用法；

6、虚拟语气的构成及其用法；

7、各类从句的构成及其用法；

8、强调句型的结构及其用法；

9、常用倒装句的结构及其用法。

（四）阅读理解

考生应能够综合运用英语语言知识和基本阅读技能，读懂难度适中的一般性题材（经济、社会、政法、历史、科普、管理等）和体裁（议论文、说明文、记叙文、应用文等）的英语文章。能够基本上掌握文章大意并能领会作者的意图和态度。阅读速度达到每分钟60-70个词。具体要求为：

1、能够掌握文章的中心思想、主要内容和细节；

2、具备根据上下文把握词义的能力；理解上下文的逻辑关系；

3、能够根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；

4、能够对文章的结构和作者的态度等做出简单的分析和判断。

（五）完形填空

考生应能够运用英语语言知识，在语篇的水平上理解一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文，并完成短文中的选择填空。短文中的完形填空内容一般会涉及到英语的基本句型结构、语法规则、词义及词组搭配等。

（六）英译汉

能够将一般性题材的英语短文在正确理解的基础上翻译成通顺的汉语。译文应忠实原文，表达正确。翻译速度为每小时300-400词。

（七）写作

应具备基本的英语书面表达能力，能够根据所给的提纲、情景或图表按要求写出相应的短文。所写短文要求主题明确，条理清楚，语言比较规范。写作速度应达到每小时240词以上。

三、试卷结构及考题形式

在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语考试试卷包括试卷一（客观题）和试卷二（主观题）两部分。试卷一和试卷二分段考试，全部考试时间为150分钟。其中试卷一占75%，考试时间为90分钟；试卷二占25%，考试时间为60分钟。本考试采用笔试方式，其考试试卷共分为六个部分；

第一部分口语交际

本部分包括一节或两节，共10题。每次考试设以下一种或两种题型。

A节为完成对话，由5或10道题组成。每一题中，考生将在试卷上读到一段不完整的对话和用以完成这段对话的4个备选答案。要求考生针对对话的内容从4个备选答案中选出一个最符合对话情景和口语交际习惯用法的答案，使整个对话能顺利完成。

B节为对话理解，由5或10道题组成。每一题考生将在试卷上读到一段对话和对话之后的问题以及针对问题的4个备选答案。要求考生能理解对话的情景、说话人的意图和对话的含意，从所给的4个备选答案中选出一个最佳答案。

本部分满分为15分，每题1.5分。

第二部分词汇和语法结构

本部分共设20道题，其中10道为词汇题，10道为语法题。每道考题中有一空白，要求考生在了解句义的基础上根据词汇或语法要求在四个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案。

本部分满分为10分，每题0.5分。

第三部分阅读理解

本部分共有4篇长度为300-400词的文章，每篇文章后设5个问题，共20道题。考生须在理解文章的基础上从为每个问题提供的四个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案。

本部分满分为40分，每题2分。

第四部分完形填空

完形填空是一篇150-200词的一般性短文。短文中有10个空白，每个空白为一题。考生须在理解短文意思的基础上从为每个空白提供的四个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案。

本部分满分为10分，每题1分。

第五部分英译汉

本部分采用语篇翻译的考试形式。要求考生将一篇150-200词的一般性题材的英语段落翻译成汉语。

本部分满分为10分。

第六部分短文写作

本部分采用提纲、情景或图表作文的考试形式。考生应按照要求写出一篇120词以上的英语短文。

本部分满分为15分。

四、试卷题型、题量、记分及答题时间

在职攻读硕士学位全国联考入学英语考试的题型、题量、记分及答题时间如下：

序号	题型	题量	记分	时间（分钟）
Ⅰ	口语交际	10道	15	15
Ⅱ	词汇与语法结构	20道	10	20
Ⅲ	阅读理解	20道	40	40
Ⅳ	完型填空	10道	10	15
Ⅴ	英译汉	150-200词	10	30
Ⅵ	短文写作	120词以上	15	30
总计			100	150

英语考试样卷

SAMPLE TEST

Part I Dialogue Comprehension (15 minutes, 15 points)

Section A Dialogue Comprehension

Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A,B,C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue . Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center .

1. Speaker A: Operator ,I want to make a person-to-person call to Toronto, Canada. The number is 932-0806.

Speaker B:

A. But I don’t know whom do you want to call.

B. What’s the name of the party you’re calling?

C. What’s the address of the person you’re calling?

D. What’s the extension number you’re calling?

2. Speaker A: Excuse me, do you have small change for a dollar?

Speaker B:

A. Why do you want to change?

B. Is it my business?

C. Are dimes and quarters OK?

D. You shouldn’t ask a stranger for change.

3. Speaker A: It seems to be clearing up.

Speaker B:

A. It’s such a nice change.

B. I don’t think this weather will last.

C. I hope it stays warm.

D. As long as it rains.

4. Speaker A: You don’t have to play that record so loud, do you?

Speaker B:

A. Yes. I didn’t mean to disturb you.

B. Sorry I don’t have to. I am turn it down a little.

C. Yes, sorry. Am I keeping you awake?

D. Sorry, I didn’t realize you were trying to sleep.

5. Speaker A: You are more beautiful in that red sweater!

Speaker B:

A. Oh, no. it’s just an old one, and I have had it for years.

B. Yes. I think it goes nicely with my pants.

C. Thank you. My mom knitted it for me some years ago.

D. Oh, but I’m not sure if it suits me.

Section B Dialogue Comprehension

Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

6. Woman: Why don’t you drive to the university?

Man: I like cycling. And there are more bicycles than cars on the campus.

Question: What does the man imply?

A. Most people in the university like driving cars.

B. Most people in the university like riding bicycles.

C. Driving cars is not allowed in the university.

D. The campus is near, so he doesn’t have to drive to it.

7. Woman: I hear you still need $2,000 for the project. But why don’t you ask John to help? He has money to burn, you know?

Man: Ask John? I’ll save my breath. The wealthiest are usually mean.

Question: What dos the man mean?

A. People with a lot of money are usually helpful.

B. People with a lot of money are usually vicious.

C. People with a lot of money are usually not generous.

D. People with a lot of money are usually not trustworthy.

8. Woman: I hear that the research center has chosen Frank as head of the team. Is that true?

Man: You said it. But they must have been ort of mind in the choice!

Question: What does the woman mean?

A. The research center has made a good choice.

B. The research center has made a stupid choice.

C. The research center is enthusiastic about choosing the head.

D. The research center hasn’t made a choice yet.

9. Woman: I was greatly impressed by Frank’s oil paintings.

Man: But in the art of oil paintings, Bill is above all the others.

Question: What does the man mean?

A. Frank’s oil paintings are not good at all.

B. Frank’s oil paintings are good as Bill’s.

C. Neither Frank’s nor Bill’s oil paintings are good.

D. Bill’s oil paintings are better than Frank’s.

10. Woman: Mark, did you tell Allen to bring his camera?

Man: Whether or not Allen is willing to bring his camera. We can still take some pictures. You can always count on me.

Question: What does the man mean?

A. He has bought a camera himself.

B. He can never count on Allen.

C. Allen is willing to bring his camera.

D. They will wait for Allen to take pictures.

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

11. A library in ancient Egypt was __ "The Healing Place of the Soul."

A. called B. called as

C. being called D. called by

12. Plants and animals flourish only __ certain physical conditions are present.

A. when B. while

C. until D. unless

13. In the United States, one __ six wage earners makes a living in or related to the automobile industry.

A. about B. by

C. as for D. out of

14. As a pastime, coin collection provides hours of pleasure and the satisfaction of the collection grow.

A. storing B. protecting

C. watching D. remembering

15. Statistics __in the claims of advertisers, in opinion polls, and in reports of business trends and cycles.

A. has appeared B. appears

C. appear D. appearing

16. If governments stopped adopting trade policies, the world an economic condition called free trade.

A. can have B. would have

C. will have D. may have

17. If our __is correct, the spacecraft should reach the moon on Monday.

A. calculation B. composition

C. communication D. vision

18. One of the first metals put __ by early human beings was copper.

A. into use B. for use

C. in use D. to use

19. Modern __ lighting, however, is now almost as good as daylight, so long as too strong light is avoided.

A. artificial B. unusual

C. unreal D. faked

20. It is doubtful whether infants could survive outside the network of the family.

A. moderate B. suspicious

C. intimate D. generous

21. The __ of the Titanic was found in September 1985, but recovering it is a very difficult prospect.

A. crash B. wreck

C. spot D. tragedy

22. All acceptance of religion is based on belief, not on the weight of evidence or the __ of reasonable conclusions.

A. bearing B. building

C. crossing D. reaching

23. __ by means of words can the writer persuade a person of the truth in what he says or make anyone care about it.

A. Obviously B. Only

C. When D. Unless

24. Contract rights, as a type of property, may be sold or otherwise __ from one person or institution to another.

A. extended B. transferred

C. claimed D. bargained

25. Inflation causes society to use more of its resources for today's purposes and to __ less for tomorrow's needs.

A. make up B. check up

C. set aside D. work out

26. Although all the obligations are not __ set out in the wedding ceremony itself, they are part of the law of every nation.

A. regularly B. specifically

C. systematically D. optimistically

27. While the scientists were at work in their laboratories, other men__ to cope with living things in their natural settings.

A. had continued B. would continue

C. were continuing D. would have continued

28. The purpose was ___ knowledge more meaningful so that it could be understood instead of being mechanically memorized.

A. to make B. making

C. for making D. of making

29. The guess is that when the figures__ , the November unemployment rate will be 5.6 percent, up from 5.4 in October.

A. come out B. come off

C. come about D. come true

30. Some government programs are limited to specific groups within the population, such as__ , members of the armed forces, and government employees.

A. vehicle B. vibration

C. veterans D. vessel

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Writing, as a career, offers a range of personal rewards. It enables people to express themselves, as well as to entertain, inform, and influence others. With only a few tools--paper, a typewriter, a pencil, and often a personal computer-a writer can have an impact on the surrounding world. But most authors spend hundreds of hours perfecting their skills before they can sell any of their works.

A person who wants to be a writer should set aside some time to write every day. Learning to express ideas clearly and effectively in writing takes a great deal of practice. Many experienced writers keep a journal. A journal can serve as a storehouse for information, observations, and ideas. It can also be a place to develop new material. 'Beginning writers should read many kinds of writing encountered every day and pay special attention to what they find most interesting. News items, feature stories, textbooks, cookbooks, repair manuals, poems, essays, short stories, novels, and plays differ in their methods of organizing and presenting material. A beginning writer who reads widely and carefully will develop an appreciation of different writing approaches and

styles. In time, the writer can acquire a more flexible approach to his or her own work.

Successful authors write about subjects they know and understand. They sometimes take weeks or months revising or refining an article, poem, or story. Beginning writers usually benefit from finding one or more friendly critics who will read their work and discuss its strengths and weaknesses with them.

High schools and colleges offer many learning opportunities for young writers. Composition and literature courses can be helpful. Creative writing and journalism courses may further assist a beginning writer in developing his or her skills. Many students work on literary magazines, newspapers, or yearbooks published by their schools. They may write stories, edit articles, or gain other valuable experience.

31. How important is writing according to this passage?

A. People benefit a lot from writing.

B. We are entertained with different writings.

C. Writing can influence the surrounding world.

D. Books can be an important part of an industry.

32. What does a journal NOT help to contribute?

A. Service. B. Information.

C. Observations. D. Ideas.

33. What should a beginning writer do to enjoy different writing styles?

A. He or she should read different kinds of writing.

B. He or she should study different writing methods.

C. He or she should learn the ways to present materials.

D. He or she should carefully read as much as possible.

34. Which of the following should a beginning writer avoid in order to improve his or her writing?

A. Developing new subjects.

B. Finding helpful critics.

C. Attending writing courses.

D. Doing editing work.

35. Whom do you think this passage is most probably addressed to?

A. Most writers. B. Successful writers.

C. Beginning writers. D. College students.

Passage Two

Tracking down cybercriminals who steal credit card numbers, transfer money from other people's accounts, or e-mail viruses around the world takes a knowledge of the technology used to commit the crimes. Instead of using fingerprints or following suspects, government agents painstakingly sort out the mess of numbers and symbols and letters that can lead them back through the computer system to the cybercriminals.

One such investigation led to the arrest of the man accused of sending the extremely dangerous Melissa virus, a computer virus that destroyed files in computers around the world in the spring of 1999. The agents received help from online service technicians, software experts, and a computer-science student. All helped to trace the complex pathways of the virus back to the telephone line and computer of the man who released it.

In another case, agents worked for two years to catch a cybercriminal who was, among other offenses, stealing credit card numbers. Agents found him by tracing a path from a computer he broke into to the mobile telephone he had used, which led to his address--and arrest.

The government agents are also working to block cybercriminals who could cut off power and confuse telephone companies. "Think of the cones quences if the power went out for a week--not in just one town or city but down the whole East Coast," says Michael Vatis, an FBI agent. From TVs to hospital equipment, all would fail.

Makaveli and TooShort were arrested for the charges of breaking into computers. They were given probation (假释), required to perform community service, and prevented from having home computers with modems (调制解调器). Punishment for adults can be more severe and usually includes some jail time.

Most people use their computers legally. For the few who don't, however, cyberpolice and better security systems will make it harder for cybercriminals to get away with their crimes.

36. What should be known to catch cybercriminals?

A. Credit card numbers.

B. Suspects' fingerprints.

C. The technology used to commit the crimes.

D. Numbers, symbols and letters.

37. How dangerous was Melissa virus back in 1999?

A. It destroyed computer files worldwide.

B. Many agents took up the case.

C. Technicians, experts, and a student were investigated.

D. Telephone lines and computers were destroyed.

38. How serious could a computer crime become?

A. Many telephone companies would go bankrupt.

B. A city would be thrown into darkness.

C. Power would be out down the east coast for a week.

D. There would be no more television programs to watch.

39. What can we infer about the process of catching computer criminals from the passage?

A. It could be dangerous.

B. It is rather complicated to identify the cybercriminals.

C. It would cause a huge loss.

D. It has been a severe punishment.

40. The last sentence of the passage may serve as a ?

A. warning B. complaint

C. suggestion D. command

Passage Three

Earth's most rich resource--water--has become one of the most precious resources in the United States as rivers, lakes, and freshwater reservoirs are increasingly exploited for human use. Consequently, using precision farming techniques to refine "irrigation scheduling" is a research area of particular interest to Susan Moran, a researcher with the U. S. Department of Agriculture. She explains that in the southwest, irrigation is both difficult and expensive. There, she says, farmers have a tendency to over-irrigate, spending both more time and money than is necessary.

"I'm trying to provide new information that could be used by farmers to schedule irrigations to improve their profitability and use less water," Moran says. "Farmers often look at weather changes and then schedule irrigation based on that information. But if they had better information, they could use scientific models to compute more precisely how much water their crop is using."

Rather than guessing their crop's potential need for water based upon weather changes, farmers can use remote sensors to measure how much water their crop is actually using. This would give them a more accurate measure of how much more water it needs.

Moran believes that if farmers are getting good and timely measurements of plant and air temperature, then they can program when and how much water to give each crop through an irrigation system. No more water would be used than needed, thus saving cost and conserving water.

Moran introduces one study she conducted in Arizona to investigate the use of remote sensing data for scheduling cotton irrigations. Typically, those farmers irrigate ten times per growing season, but evidence showed that some of those farmers could achieve basically the same harvest with only nine irrigations.

"In those cases, one less irrigation saved more than all the cost of remote sensing data," she states. "Both irrigation and satellite remote sensing data are expensive. But then again many farmers are used to working together as a group. They are used to sharing. I'm hoping they could do the same with remote sensing data--purchase one scene over a large area to cover many farms, which would further reduce the cost. '

41. What does Moran think is the problem with farmers?

A. Over-used reservoirs. B. Precision farming.

C. Irrigation researches. D. Over-irrigation.

42. How can farmers get the better information about their crop?

A. To reschedule irrigation as required.

B. To watch weather changes regularly.

C. To use remote sensors as the researchers suggest.

D. To use computers since computing is more reliable.

43. What do farmers check up on when they decide how much water each crop needs?

A. Profitability. B. Remote sensors.

C. Air temperature. D. The cost.

44. Why does Moran introduce the study she carried out in Arizona?

A. To investigate the use of remote sensing data.

B. To support her viewpoint in the previous paragraph.

C. To show how farmers can reap a harvest.

D. To criticize those farmers who used too much water.

45. What is among the best possible ways to help save farmers' money?

A. Changing irrigation. B. Sharing sensing data.

C. Buying one computer. D. Extending the farms.

Passage Four

Now state governments are getting up to speed. Rather than hundreds of different agencies setting up their own sites, the content available on the Web is now managed from the top. The hope is this centralized approach will lead to better customer relations and efficiency. One supporter estimates the streamlined approach can save $ 300 million a year in California alone.

California is the most recent in a string of states to use technology to make its dealings with the public more pleasant. Through California's newwebsite, citizens can check on the status of tax returns, register vehicles, apply for fishing or hunting licenses, and make appointments at the Department of Motor Vehicles, among other things. These are all tasks that would have previously required more time on the part of the consumer, and more money and employees on the government side.

"If we save each person one hour per year of standing in line, that will save California's citizens about $ 300 million," said Carlo Grifone, principal at Deloitte Consulting. "That does not even account for the amount of money and time the government saves by becoming more efficient."

Last September, when California undertook the project of updating its website, it was like many states: The site was filled with out-of-date information (including year-old budget documents) and had limited ability to update information, let alone perform services.

Arun Baheti, California's director of e-government, decided to model California's site after those of the private sector firms in nearby Silicon Valley. "People were using California's website to look up the address of the closest Department of Motor Vehicles or to find the email address of their senator," Baheti said. "We wanted people to be able to do much more than that."

In order to give California's site a private sector feel, Baheti enlisted five leading IT companies to put the site together. In under four months, California went from way behind the private sector to a point at which Grifone says they have "leapfrogged the private,sector."

Using the idea of "one government, one person," said Grifone, state governments will take the private sector approach to the public sector.

46. How are state governments improving their management?

A. Officials are getting up earlier for work.

B. The agencies are competing to set up their own websites.

C. The governments are streamlining their website content.

D. The departments are conducting some business with customers.

47. What do the citizens benefit from the new California's. website?

A. They can find out how much tax they will receive.

B. They are selling their cars on the website.

C. They often ask questions and talk to fishing and hunting partners on line.

D. They do not have to spend so much time getting things done in the government departments.

48. California’s website before last September was introduced by the writer to .

A. make an inference B. make a contrast

C. clarify the word “website” D. enhance a description

49. What can be inferred about the drive for an e-government discussed in the passage?

A. California’s government is run with less expense.

B. Californians are now having more conveniences offered by their government.

C. “One government, one person” means less employment.

D. Governments have become highly efficient as a result

50. What is the philosophy behind the effort of updating California’s website?

A. Governments should treat citizens in the way private businesses treat their customers.

B. The whole government can be reduced to be managed by only one person.

C. E-government is inevitably the trend which we should support.

D. Technology is the key element in restructuring a government.

Part Ⅳ Cloze Test ( 15 minutes, 10 points )

Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

In just eight years, by 2010, there will be 58 million jobs in the United States, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The bureau 51 between now and 2010 some 22 million new jobs will be created. And 36 million more 52 will result from retirements and others who drop out of the workforce.

Nearly all that job 53 , incidentally, will come in the service sector. Manufacturing jobs will grow at only 54 of a percent annually. That's not because those jobs are going overseas, by the way. Blame the slow growth in manufacturing 55 the fast growth in manufacturing productivity.

Ed Potter, president of the Employment Policy Foundations in Washington, said the foundation's analysis of job growth and what's 56 happening in education show we could be as 57 as 3.5 million professionals at the end of this decade.

Despite the current recession and layoffs, a 58 of employers by the National Association of Manufacturers found 80 percent of companies say a severe shortage of qualified job 59 already exists. And 60 percent of those companies said the lack of skilled workers is 60 their ability to produce goods and services they could sell.

51. A. persists B. predicts C. interprets D. distinguishes

52. A. openings B. people C. employees D. occupations

53. A. seekers B. interviews C. growth D. application

54. A. three-tenths B. third-ten C. third-tenth D. thirds-ten

55. A. for B. with C. on D. above

56. A. reliably B. currently C. fortunately D. definitely

57. A. many B. strong C. confident D. short

58. A. survey B. lot C. show D. group

59. A. increase B. candidates C. decline D. interviewers

60. A. influencing B. effecting C. affecting D. enhancing

Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

Locating a book online is one thing, reading it is quite another, for there is no artistically sensible substitute for the physical object. The computer revolution rolls on pitilessly, but the world is reading more paper books than ever. Indeed, so far from destroying libraries, the internet has protected the written word as never before, and rendered knowledge genuinely democratic. Enthusiasts always attack the libraries first, dictators seek to control the literature, elites keep hidden the knowledge that is power. With the online library, the books are finally safe, and the book destroyers have been beaten, for ever.

But the traditional library will also survive, because a library is central to our understanding of what it is to be human. Eve since the first clay tablets were collected in Mesopotamia, Man has wanted not merely to obtain and master knowledge, but to preserve it, to hold it in is hand. Moreover, libraries are not just for reading in, but for sociable thinking, exploring, and exchanging ideas. They were never silent and technology will not change that. Finding a book online should be the beginning not the end, of the processes of discovery.

Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title "The

Necessary Knowledge of the English Language for the On-the-job Graduate Students." You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:

1．在职攻读硕士学位研究生应具备相应的英语水平，其原因是……

2．在职攻读硕士学位研究生应重点提高某项英语语言技能，其原因是……

3．如何提高这一语言技能。 ·

样卷参考答案

Part I Dialogue Communication

1-10 B C A D C B C B D A

Part II Vocabulary and Structure

11-20 A A D C C B A D A C

21-30 B D B B C B C A A C

Part III Reading Comprehension

31-40 C A D A C C A C B A

41-50 D C C B B C D B C A

Part IV Cloze Test

51-60 B A C A C B D A B C

Part V Translation

网上找书是一回事，而读所找的书却完全是另外一回事，因为物理意义的物体是找不到仍然具有其艺术感染力的替代物的。计算机革命势不可挡，但人们现今却在读更多的纸张书籍。互联网非但没有摧毁图书馆，反而以从前从未有过的方式保护了文字资料并使知识实现了真正意义上的平民化。狂热分子总是首先攻击图书馆，独裁者设法控制住文献，精英们把知识看成力量从而据为已有。但是，在线图书馆的出现使书最终变得更安全，书籍破坏者从此永远被打败。

然而，传统图书馆也将留存下来，因为它在我们理解什么是人性的过程中起到举足轻重的作用。自从美索不达米亚的第一批泥碑被收集以来，人类想要做的不仅是要获得和掌握知识，而且还要保存知识，亲手握有知识。再则，图书馆不仅仅是阅读的地方，而且还是进行思考、思想探索和交换的社交场所。图书馆以前从未沉寂过，将来科技再发达也不会改变这一点。网上找书应该只是探索这一过程的开始，而绝不是它的结束。

Part VI Writing

On-the-job graduate students should have a fairly good knowledge of English because they need it for their work. Although they are in on-the-job training programs, their experience can tell that English is very necessary for them. They need it to read the journals in English, and communicate with the foreign people.

For the graduate students of this kind, the stress should be put on the training of reading. Reading can be regarded as the most important skill for them. These students have a clear purpose for their English study. They know that after graduation they should be able to read the articles, papers, journals in English. Besides, strong reading skill can help them to speak and write in one way or another.

In order to improve their reading skill, they should read more. If it is possible they can start reading the papers in English journals. Besides, they should study their textbooks well, and increase their vocabulary. Anyhow, they should keep in constant touch with the reading materials.

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